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Abu Bakar (1835-1895) is generally credited as being the founder of the modern Malay state of Johor. Eldest son of Temenggong Ibrahim, Abu Bakar was raised in the kampong, or village, of Teluk Belanga in Singapore. The first English-educated Malay prince, he succeeded his father in 1862 and continued his policy of populating Johor with Chinese pepper and gambier planters and creating a formal administration along British lines. He maintained intimate relations with the British in Singapore and gained entry into European aristocratic circles after being presented to Queen Victoria in 1866. He was affiliated with British advances in the peninsular states during the 1860s and 1870s and recognized as sultan of the State and Territory of Johor in 1885.