A Resource of the Asia Society
Asia Source
Arts and CultureBusiness and EconomicsPolicy and GovernmentSocial Issues

This Day in Asian History November 20

1986 Afghanistan President Babrak Karmal flees
  In December 1979 the Soviet Union mounted a full-scale invasion of the country, killed President Amin, and installed Babrak Karmal of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) as the president. In May 1986, Karmal was replaced as PDPA leader by Muhammad Najibullah, a member of the Parcham faction, who had headed the Afghan secret police. Karmal fled the country on this day, and in November 1987, Najibullah was elected president.

  
1970 UN General Assembly accepts membership of People's Republic of China
  The General Assembly resolution calling for the admission of Mainland China was passed on this date. Due to an earlier resolution that required a two-thirds vote, Beijing was blocked from gaining a seat. Yet within a year of this date, in 1971, the PRC was admitted, marking the final defeat for the United States in its battle to keep the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the UN, and the PRC out.

  
1944 First Japanse suicide submarine attack (Ulithi Atol, Carolines)
  The first Japanese Kamikaze submarine units were organized in the Philippines in the fall of 1944. Although the shift to suicide strategy raised some doubts about the need for the operations in the Carolines and Philippines, they went ahead as planned, with landings in the western Carolines at Peleliu (September 15), Ulithi (September 23), and Ngulu (October 16) and in the central Philippines on Leyte (October 20). The invasion of the Philippines brought the Japanese navy out in force for the last time in the war. In the 3-day Battle for Leyte Gulf (October 23-25), the outcome of which was at times more in doubt than the final result would seem to indicate, the Japanese lost 26 ships, including the giant battleship Musashi, and the Americans lost 7 ships.

  
1980 UN General Assembly calls for a resolution for the unconditional pullout of foreign troops from Afghanistan








Copyright © . Asia Society. All rights reserved. Please click here for legal restrictions and terms of use applicable to this site and Asia Society's Privacy Policy.